The correct answer is B. Use a scan tool like Nessus. In CEH vulnerability assessment and reconnaissance concepts, vulnerability scanners are used to discover security weaknesses on systems, applications, services, and network devices. Nessus is a widely known vulnerability assessment tool that can scan Windows-based systems for missing patches, weak configurations, open ports, insecure services, outdated software, and known vulnerabilities.
Option A is not the best answer because MITRE CVE provides vulnerability information, but it does not directly assess whether a specific Windows computer is vulnerable. Option C is related to system imaging or forensic preparation, not vulnerability discovery. Option D, Windows Update, helps install patches, but it does not perform a complete vulnerability assessment or detect misconfigurations and exposed services.
For a healthcare provider, vulnerability scanning is especially important because systems may process sensitive patient or business data. A scanner such as Nessus gives structured results that can be prioritized and remediated.
Therefore, the best approach is to use a scan tool like Nessus.
