The spouse of a critically ill patient is indecisive, withdrawn, and tells the nurse, "I...

When dealing with a spouse who feels helpless, the most effective nursing intervention is to identify and reinforce their support systems. This helps the spouse feel less isolated and more empowered. Offering solutions to problems, encouraging other family members to make decisions, or providing reassurance that visiting is not necessary do not directly address the spouse's feelings of helplessness and may even contribute to feelings of exclusion or inadequacy. References: = CCRN Exam Handbook, AACN Adult CCRN Certification Review Course