Which of the following aspects of process measurement is most likely to produce false conclusions...

  Selecting incorrect parameters to measure is most likely to produce false conclusions about a process because it can lead to misinterpretation of the process’s performance. If the parameters do not accurately reflect the critical aspects of the process, any data collected will be irrelevant and could result in incorrect decisions being made about process improvements or changes. The ASQ Certified Manager Of Quality/Organizational Excellence handbook emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate measures that align with the goals and objectives of the process to ensure meaningful and accurate analysis1.

References:

The ASQ Certified Manager of Quality/Organizational Excellence Handbook1.