Which one of the following is a commercial or private payer?

Blue Cross Blue Shield is a commercial or private payer, which means it is an insurance company that provides health insurance plans to individuals and groups. In contrast, Medicare and Medicaid are government programs, and the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is a federal healthcare system for military veterans.References: AMA's CPT® Professional Edition (current year), Appendix B: Payers and Reimbursement.