The poka-yoke technique of process design is a method for preventing or detecting errors and defects in the manufacturing process. Poka-yoke means “mistake-proofing” in Japanese, and it aims to eliminate human errors by creating systems that either make it impossible for a mistake to occur or make the mistake immediately obvious once it has occurred1. One way to implement poka-yoke is to use part attributes, which are physical features of a part that ensure it can only be assembled or used in the correct way2. For example, a part attribute can define the correct orientation of a part, such as a notch, a hole, a shape, or a color, so that it can only fit into the matching component. This prevents the operator from inserting the part incorrectly or using the wrong part.
The other options do not illustrate the poka-yoke technique of process design. Reducing the number of types of fasteners is an example of standardization, which is a method for simplifying and streamlining the production process by minimizing variation and complexity3. Customized containers that hold mixed sets of parts are an example of kitting, which is a method for organizing and delivering parts or materials to the point of use or consumption in the production process4. An andon is a visual or audible signal that indicates the status of a machine or process, such as normal,abnormal, or emergency5. An andon can be used to alert operators or supervisors of problems or issues, but it does not prevent or detect errors by itself.
References: Lean Six Sigma Tools: What is Poka-Yoke? - Villanova University; What is Poka-Yoke? Mistake & Error Proofing | ASQ; What is Poka-Yoke? [Examples, Principles, Methods]; Standardization - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics; Kitting - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics.
