The correct answers are A. Provide left uterine displacement and E. Perform compressions at a depth of at least two inches.
Key Concept: Cardiac Arrest in Late Pregnancy
At ≥20 weeks gestation (30 weeks in this case):
The enlarged uterus compresses the inferior vena cava (IVC) when the patient is supine
This reduces venous return and cardiac output, worsening resuscitation effectiveness
Why A is correct (Left uterine displacement):
The uterus should be manually displaced to the left side
This relieves pressure on the IVC and improves circulation during CPR
NREMT/AHA-aligned guidance states:
“Manual left uterine displacement should be performed in pregnant patients during resuscitation.”
Why E is correct (Compression depth):
CPR in pregnant patients follows standard adult CPR guidelines
Compression depth should be at least 2 inches (5 cm)
“Perform high-quality chest compressions at a depth of at least 2 inches.”
Why the other options are incorrect:
B. Avoid using AED❌ Incorrect — AED is safe and indicated in pregnancy
“Defibrillation should not be withheld in pregnant patients.”
C. Request a helicopter❌ Not a priority during active cardiac arrest — resuscitation comes first
D. Upper half of sternum❌ Incorrect — compressions are performed on the center of the chest (lower half of sternum)
Exact Extracts (NREMT/AHA-aligned references):
“Perform manual uterine displacement in late pregnancy during CPR.”
“Use standard CPR compression depth and rate.”
“Defibrillation is safe in pregnancy and should not be delayed.”
Clinical Priority Summary:
In a pregnant cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should perform standard high-quality CPR while relieving uterine pressure on major vessels, making A and E the correct answers.
[References:, NREMT EMT Education Standards – Cardiology & Resuscitation, American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for CPR and ECC, NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP), =============================================, , ]
