(How is effectiveness measured in the context of the REVIEW component?

The REVIEW component focuses on whether the organization can monitor, evaluate, assure, and improve its capabilities over time—closing the loop in a management system. Effectiveness is therefore measured by the design and operating effectiveness of review-related capabilities: monitoring and metrics, internal control testing, audits/assessments, issue management, root-cause analysis, corrective and preventive actions, and learning mechanisms that prevent recurrence. Option A matches this GRC logic: a strong REVIEW function detects deviations early, provides reliable assurance to leadership, and drives continuous improvement. This aligns with widely used control and assurance practices where effectiveness requires both (1) well-designed review processes (clear criteria, independence where needed, meaningful metrics) and (2) evidence they operate consistently (timely reviews, documented findings, remediation tracked to closure). Options B–D are general business indicators; they may correlate with performance or culture, but they do not directly measure the effectiveness of the REVIEW component’s monitoring, assurance, and learning capabilities.