(Which of the following statements about communication is true?

Effective GRC communication relies on both formal and informal channels. Formal communications (policies, standards, training, official notices, governance reporting) are essential for consistency and evidence, but they are not sufficient by themselves to shape behavior and culture. Informal communications—leader conversations, team meetings, coaching, peer reinforcement, and day-to-day messaging—often have stronger influence on how people actually interpret expectations and make decisions. That is why option C is true: not all communication occurs formally, and informal methods can be impactful, especially for reinforcing ethical norms, escalating concerns, and ensuring understanding. Option A is risky because unmanaged “individual” communications can create inconsistency and gaps; communication should be coordinated and governed. Option D is incorrect because restricting communication to formal methods ignores real organizational dynamics and can reduce effectiveness. Option B is partially reasonable about recordkeeping, but it’s framed too narrowly and is not the most broadly correct statement compared to the clear, widely accepted principle captured in C.