Depending on the type of algorithms used, routing protocols are classified into distance-vector protocols and...

Comprehensive and Detailed Step-by-Step Explanation:

Distance-Vector Protocols:

Distance-vector protocols determine the best path based on the distance to a destination and periodically share the entire routing table with neighbors.

Example:RIPis a distance-vector protocol.

Link-State Protocols:

Link-state protocols share information about directly connected links, enabling routers to build a complete map of the network.

OSPF(Open Shortest Path First) andIS-IS(Intermediate System to Intermediate System) are link-state protocols that use Dijkstra’s algorithm to calculate the shortest path.

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP):

BGP is neither a distance-vector nor a link-state protocol. Instead, it is classified as apath-vector protocolthat selects the best path based on attributes such as AS-path, next-hop, and local preference.