Optical power is an Important indicator of a WDM system and directly affects the transmission...

It is false that output optical power of a site must be as high as possible to ensure signals reach the peer site. Excessively high output power can cause nonlinear effects, such as four-wave mixing and self-phase modulation, degrading signal quality. Optimal power levels must be maintained within equipment specifications to balance reach and signal integrity. HCIP-Transmission stresses careful power management, including gain control and attenuation, to maximize network performance without introducing impairments.