Vegans are commonly advised to supplementvitamin B12because reliable natural dietary sources of B12 are primarily found inanimal-derived foods(meat, fish, eggs, and dairy). Vitamin B12 is essential forred blood cell formation,DNA synthesis, andnormal nerve function. Without adequate B12, a person can developmegaloblastic anemia(fatigue, weakness, pale skin) and potentially seriousneurological issues(numbness, tingling, balance problems, memory changes). Because B12 deficiency can develop gradually and symptoms may appear late, consistent intake is emphasized.
While some plant foods are fortified (such as certain plant milks, breakfast cereals, and nutritional yeast), a daily B12 supplement is often recommended to ensure dependable intake, especially if fortified foods are not consumed regularly. The “daily basis” language in the question points strongly to B12 because it is the nutrient most consistently highlighted in vegan nutrition education as requiring intentional planning.
The other options are less appropriate. Vitamin C is abundant in fruits and vegetables, which are typically plentiful in vegan diets. Vitamin E is present in nuts, seeds, and vegetable oils. Vitamin A can be obtained as beta-carotene from orange and dark-green vegetables (the body converts it as needed). Although all nutrients require attention in a well-planned vegan diet (including vitamin D, iodine, iron, calcium, zinc, and omega-3 fats),B12is the standout nutrient that usually requires supplementation or consistent fortified-food intake to avoid deficiency.
