Which statement about change orders is MOST accurate?

The NCIDQ IDPX exam tests the designer’s understanding of construction administration processes, including the purpose and definition of change orders. A change order is a formal document used to modify the original construction contract.

Option A (They are written permissions or instructions that modify construction documents):This is the most accurate statement. A change order is a formal written document that modifies the construction contract, including the construction documents (e.g., drawings, specifications), after the contract has been awarded. It typically addresses changes in scope, cost, or schedule and requires approval from the owner, contractor, and often the designer.

Option B (They are notices to the client advising of changes to the construction documents):While change orders may involve notifying the client, their primary purpose is to formally modify the contract, not just to advise. This statement is incomplete and less accurate than Option A.

Option C (They are changes made to the contract documents during the bid (tender) phase):Changes during the bid phase are typically issued as addenda, not change orders. Change orders occur after the contract is awarded, during the construction phase.

Option D (They are written instructions issued by the designer to the subtrades once the initial construction has begun):Change orders are not issued directly to subcontractors; they are formal modifications to the contract issued through the general contractor, often initiated by the designer or owner but requiring broader approval. This statement is incorrect.

Verified Answer from Official Source:

The correct answer is verified from NCIDQ’s official study materials on construction administration and contract modifications.

“A change order is a written document that modifies the construction contract, including the construction documents, to address changes in scope, cost, or schedule during the construction phase.” (NCIDQ IDPX Study Guide, Construction Administration Section)

The NCIDQ IDPX Study Guide defines a change order as a formal modification to the construction contract, which includes the construction documents. This aligns with Option A, making it the most accurate statement about change orders.

Objectives:

Understand the purpose and definition of change orders (NCIDQ IDPX Objective: Construction Administration).

Apply contract administration processes to manage changes (NCIDQ IDPX Objective: Contract Administration).