“BATNA is a concept that should be considered at the start of negotiations.

BATNA (Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement) is a core preparation concept and should always be considered before negotiations begin. It gives the buyer clarity on the minimum acceptable outcome and provides leverage by ensuring they do not accept a deal worse than their alternative. BATNA is not a legal requirement, nor should it be developed only when negotiations fail, as this weakens negotiating confidence and decision-making. CIPS emphasises BATNA as a fundamental planning tool that underpins effective and disciplined negotiation behaviour.