What is real estate, plus all of the interests, benefits, and rights included in ownership,...

Real property is real estate (land and improvements) plus the bundle of rights (interests, benefits, and rights inherent in ownership), such as possession, control, enjoyment, exclusion, and disposition.

Land refers to the earth’s surface, subsurface, and airspace (naturally occurring).

An estate is a degree, quantity, nature, or extent of interest in real property (e.g., fee simple, life estate).

Personal property (chattel) is movable and not affixed to real estate.

References (Pre-Licensing Core Content):

Maryland 60-Hour Pre-Licensing Course: “Real Property and the Law” (definitions of land, real estate, real property, personal property; bundle of rights).

Common-law property definitions widely adopted in real estate education.