A user encounters "permission denied" errors when running GPU-accelerated containers on a Secure Boot-enabled system.

On systems where UEFI Secure Boot is enabled, the Linux kernel strictly enforces a "Signature Verification" policy for all loaded kernel modules. The NVIDIA driver consists of several modules (like nvidia.ko and nvidia-uvm.ko) that provide the interface between the hardware and the NVIDIA Container Runtime. If these modules are not signed by a key trusted by the system's firmware, the kernel will block them from loading, leading to "Permission Denied" errors when the container attempts to access /dev/nvidiactl or the GPU device nodes. To resolve this without compromising the security of the host, the administrator must utilize aMachine Owner Key (MOK). The modules must be signed using this key, and the key itself must be "Enrolled" into the system's Secure Boot database via the MOK management interface during the boot process. This establishes a "Chain of Trust" that allows the drivers to function. Disabling SELinux (Option C) or using sudo (Option D) will not resolve this, as the blockage is happening at the kernel-firmware interface level, not at the user-space permission level.