A state-of-the-art product was delivered at the end of a project life cycle.

To avoid the issue of a product not being designed to specifications, it is essential for the project manager to ensure that the customer’s requirements are accurately captured and understood. This involves engaging with the customer to elicit detailed requirements, which then guide the design and development of the product. The PMI’s standards on requirements management highlight the importance of a thorough needs assessment, elicitation, and analysis of requirements to ensure that the final product aligns with the customer’s expectations1. Additionally, the PMI-PBA emphasizes the role of the business analyst in working with stakeholders to define and shape project outputs to drive intended business outcomes2.