Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
An integer data type is used for whole numbers without fractional parts. According to foundational programming principles, values that represent counts or discrete quantities typically use integers, while values with decimal points or fractional components use floating-point types.
Option A: "The cost of a dinner including tax and tip." This is incorrect. Costs typically involve decimal values (e.g., $24.99), requiring a floating-point type (e.g., float or double) to handle cents.
Option B:: "An approximation of the number pi to five decimal places." This is incorrect. Pi approximated to five decimal places (e.g., 3.14159) is a decimal number, requiring a floating-point type, not an integer.
Option C: "The weights of every patient involved in a pharmaceutical trial." This is incorrect. Weights (e.g., 70.5 kg) typically include decimal points for precision, requiring a floating-point type.
Option D: "The number of students in a section." This is correct. The number of students is a whole number (e.g., 25), which is represented by an integer data type (e.g., int in C or Python).
Certiport Scripting and Programming Foundations Study Guide (Section on Data Types).
Python Documentation: “Built-in Types” (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html).
W3Schools: “C Data Types” (https://www.w3schools.com/c/c_data_types.php).
