Which feature must be part of the network design to wait a predetermined amount of...

C (SPF hold time): Controls the minimum amount of time between Shortest Path First (SPF) recalculations in link-state protocols like OSPF and IS-IS. This mechanism prevents frequent SPF runs due to rapid or transient topology changes, providing stability.

Other options explained:

A: Transmit delay affects LSA propagation but not routing protocol recalculation timing.

B: Throttle timers are related but primarily control LSA generation intervals.

D: Interface dampening suppresses flapping i