The cost of application down-time can be quantified by which method?

duration of outage in hours multiplied by the number of employees impacted multiplied by the hourly employee expense

number of application outages multiplied by the number of employees multiplied by the business hours in a day

number of business days in a year multiplied by the number of outages in a year multiplied by the yearly employee salary

duration of outage in hours multiplied by the number of outages in a year divided by the time to recover application